Ensetes are difficult to propagate as they don’t set seed in the UK and don’t produce suckers. Steve Edney introduced this method on the monstrosity formerly known as Twitter some while ago and I decided to give it a try as it seemed to produce more offspring more reliably and less awkwardly than my previous method.
Once a teacher, always a teacher so I have made a rather dry and factual instructional video (it’s only just over 2 minutes long so you might just be able to stay awake). Although I have tried to stay true to Steve’s methods I have made a few tweaks. I hope he approves!
Lots of people try growing seeds from the purple passionfruit you buy in supermarkets. This is Passiflora edulis (not P. caerulea which is the blue flowering hardy form you will be familiar with – unfortunately some big companies have been marketing it as edulis).
Initially this works well and seedlings develop quickly into great big plants with wonderfully glossy leaves.
Unfortunately this is as far as it goes as during the summer they wilt and collapse no matter much they are moved around.
They are sensitive to temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius or so as well as nights that are too cool and this constant wilting-moving-recovering cycle to find a place in its ‘Goldilocks zone’ means that even if flower buds develop they rarely reach maturity. As a result even the experts have given up on trying. But we are made of sterner stuff, aren’t we? With a little thought, a bit of background reading and careful growing we should be able to succeed where others have failed.
Air temperatures can soar in a greenhouseSoil temperatures can get pretty extreme too
Firstly we need to get to the root of the problem, quite literally as it is the roots that are the weak link. In the Northern Territories of Australia they are farmed commercially but are grafted onto a more resilient rootstock (passiflora edulis var flavicarpa) and this makes a huge difference. The problem appears to be that temperatures in excess of 25C activate fungal spores in the soil which in turn produce byproducts which are toxic to the roots. (As it turns out some passionflowers are sensitive to fungi that become active below 10C making them difficult to overwinter, but that’s another story for another blog).
Rather than using P. edulis var flavicarpa we need to use something that is quite happy in all UK conditions and what could be better than the hardy and heat resilient P. caerulea. It also has the advantage of being readily available.
Other seed companies are available!
This early in the year there are 3 ways to get hold of P. caerulea. Either get hold of some seed, soak in warm water for 48hours then sow on window ledge or propagator, or you might find a plant in a garden centre or thirdly a friend might have one in their conservatory that you can take cuttings from. Later in the season someone might have one in their garden.
Passiflora edulis fruit
Next you will need to eat a purple passionflower from the supermarket, keep and rinse some of the seed and sow in the same way.
I am about a year ahead of you. I sowed seed in April/May last year. By early September I had reasonable sized plants of both sorts. I then did something that will sound a bit scary if you’ve not done it before. I cut off the top 3inches or so of the P. edulis and grafted it onto the caerulea. I did a video of a previous graft I did with different passionflowers a couple of years ago and I did exactly the same thing this time. (outcome of the original grafting to follow in a few weeks):
Grafting instructions At the end it should say that you place a big clear plastic bag over it and put it somewhere warm out of direct sunlight misting a couple of times a day for a few weeks
And the story so far?
Graft union 6 months onA 2nd scruffier grafted plant
As of late March I’m already starting to see that the original P. edulis on its own roots is beginning to suffer although I have moved it into the shade. However the two grafted ones, although smaller, are not at all bothered and are growing on in full sun.
I will keep you updated of progress. Meanwhile, if you fancy a go, now is the perfect time to get your seeds and start growing.
Are you one of those people who delay checking your lottery numbers so that you can the relish the feeling of not yet having failed to win?
Passiflora loefgrenii ‘Corupa’
If so then this one is for you. After creating a long raised bed behind the new greenhouse and refreshing the raised bed at the opposite side of the garden we planted almost hardy passionflowers in both. We stapled up curtains of fleece over each in November.
On one side we had P. x violacea forms (P. ‘Victoria’ and a form close to the original 1819 hybrid) and on the other principally P. x kewensis forms – P. ‘Beervelde’, P. ‘Purple Passion’ with a couple of our hybrids of Purple Passion. To this we added P. loefgrenii, P. ‘Fata Confetto’ and P. ‘Yarnick’.
Passiflora x violacea – similar to 1819 formPassiflora x violacea ‘Victoria’Passiflora x kewensis ‘Beervelde’Passiflora x kewensis ‘Purple Passion’Passiflora ‘Yarnick’ Passiflora ‘GK2’ Hybrid of P. ‘Purple Passion’
Passiflora ‘Fata Confetto’
Now most of these are half hardy and if covered with fleece should establish. The only problem is that their hardiness depends on getting roots down deep and our beds are on concrete. Currently the fleece is up and until late April they will remain simultaneously alive and dead until I open the fleece and check. If it fails I have replacements for the year lined up and future plans to try these ones (I have backups!) grafted to hardy P. caerulea rootstocks and try again.
As we come to the beginning of the 2024 season I have decided to move more content away from the social media site formerly known as Twitter and set up this blogging site as an annexe to our website which is hideously out of date.
We have made some changes in the garden including the construction of a new 24ft x 12ft greenhouse…
We also drained, cleared and refilled the pond with rainwater from our 4000 litre storage system. It no longer feeds the bog garden and so does not need topping up every other day. It is also no longer infested with weeds (unlike the wildlife bank behind it which is full of insect friendly wild plants) . I will do a separate article on this.
We replaced almost all the seating and reused the materials to make a raised bed in the space we created behind the greenhouse (using the fact it’s 12ft wide and the old houses there were 14 and 16ft long running in the opposite direction. More on that later too!
The opportunities the new greenhouse presents will allow us to grow our favourite plants (principally passiflora and hedychium) in better ways, but may also lead us to phase out some more troublesome forms. It’s going to be an interesting year and I will try to record it here mostly in the form of short reports but with the occasional over the top piece!